All living organisms must develop mechanisms to cope with and adapt to new environments.
The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environment provided new opportunities for …

Gene duplication is a universal biological phenomenon that drives genomic variation and
diversity, plays a crucial role in plant evolution, and contributes to innovations in genetic …

Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) is a crucial enzymatic antioxidant of the
ascorbate-glutathione pathway involved in reactive oxygen species scavenging. Herein, we …

The hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channels (OSCA) are pore-forming
transmembrane proteins that function as osmosensors during various plant developmental …

Abstract Background The NBS-LRR (nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat gene) gene
family, known as the plant R (resistance) gene family with the most members, plays a …

The myeloblastosis (MYB) family comprises a large group of transcription factors (TFs) that
has a variety of functions. Among them, the R2R3-MYB type of proteins are the largest group …

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are components of plant defensive barriers that resist
microbial infection. Members of the Snakin/GASA protein family in plants have functions of …

In plants, Ca 2+ is an integral element in several stresses related signallings. During
environmental stresses, the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration tends to rise rapidly, which is …

The zinc finger protein (ZFP) family is one of plants' most diverse family of transcription
factors. These proteins with finger-like structural domains have been shown to play a critical …

Red coloration in apples, an important quality trait, is primarily attributed to the accumulation
of anthocyanins. Centuries of breeding have produced a wide variety of apples with different …