Bioluminescence (BL) is an amazing natural phenomenon whose visible light is produced
by living organisms. BL phenomenon is quite pervasive and has been observed in 17 phyla …

This review presents a synthesis of shark bioluminescence knowledge. Up to date,
bioluminescent sharks are found only in Squaliformes, and specifically in Etmopteridae …

Bioluminescence is primarily a marine phenomenon with 80% of metazoan bioluminescent
genera occurring in the world's oceans. Here we show that bioluminescence has evolved …

The Clupeiformes, including among others herrings, anchovies, shads and menhadens are
ecologically and commercially important, yet their phylogenetic relationships are still …

Venom and its associated delivery systems have evolved in numerous animal groups
ranging from jellyfishes to spiders, lizards, shrews, and the male platypus. Building off new …

Bioluminescence has often been seen as a spectacular yet uncommon event at sea but
considering the vastness of the deep sea and the occurrence of luminous organisms in this …

Maternal investment theory is the study of how breeding females allocate resources
between offspring size and brood size to achieve reproductive success. In classical trade-off …

Estimating how traits evolved and impacted diversification across the tree of life represents a
critical topic in ecology and evolution. Although there has been considerable research in …

The morphology of paired fins is commonly overlooked in morphological studies, particularly
the pelvic girdle and fins. Consequently, previous phylogenetic studies incorporating …

Environmental controls of species diversity represent a central research focus in
evolutionary biology. In the marine realm, sharks are widely distributed, occupying mainly …