Simple Summary Mediastinal parathyroid neoplasms (MPN) are a rare cause of primary
hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Pre-operative recognition of potential malignancy is the best …

Introduction The most common cause of chronic hypercalcemia is primary
hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). However, owing to the diverse presentation of hypercalcemia …

Ectopic parathyroids can often present a diagnostic and therapeutic conundrum for
clinicians. Mediastinal parathyroid adenomas are usually small and located anteriorly within …

Parathyroid adenomas (PAs) are the main cause for primary hyperparathyroidism with
almost a quarter of them being ectopic, most likely located in the superior mediastinum …

Several tumors arise from different structures within the mediastinum. Although each type of
mediastinal tumor has a predilection for a specific compartment, the progression of growth …

Variations in parathyroid gland positions often cause failure in initial parathyroid adenoma
surgery, especially when imaging fails to localise the adenoma. This report describes a …

The classic clinical vignette of primary hyperparathyroidism is well described as “bones,
stones, abdominal moans, and psychiatric overtones” to reflect the effects of excess …

Discussion Hyperparathyroidism is mostly caused by parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia
and it is responsible for numerous morbidity, such as calciphylaxis, decreased bone density …

Background: The commonest cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is
hyperfunctional parathyroid adenoma (PA)(94%), parathyroid hyperplasia (< 6%) and rarely …

Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the commonest endocrine diseases requiring surgical
parathyroidectomy for its cure. Surgical excision through conventional open neck approach …