Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is
populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant …

Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vasculature, which plays a
critical role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as …

Traditionally cellular respiration or metabolism has been viewed as catabolic and anabolic
pathways generating energy and biosynthetic precursors required for growth and general …

The purpose of immunology is simple. Cure or prevent disease. M1/M2 is useful because it
is simple. M1/M2 describes the two major and opposing activities of macrophages. M1 …

M1 and M2 macrophage-type responses kill or repair in vivo. The unique ability of
macrophages to make these polar opposite type of responses provides primary host …

The purpose of this perspective is to describe a critical advance in understanding how
immune responses work. Macrophages are required for all animal life:'Inhibit'type …

Evidence is provided that macrophages can make M-1 or M-2 responses. The concept of M-
1/M-2 fomented from observations that macrophages from prototypical Th1 strains (C57BL/6 …

The discovery that mammalian cells generate nitric oxide, a gas previously considered to be
merely an atmospheric pollutant, is providing important information about many biologic …

▪ Abstract At the interface between the innate and adaptive immune systems lies the high-
output isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2 or iNOS). This remarkable molecular machine …

Recombinant mouse interleukin 10 (IL-10) was exceedingly potent at suppressing the ability
of mouse peritoneal macrophages (m phi) to release tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF …