Acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter secreted by cholinergic neurons, is involved in signal
transduction related to memory and learning ability. Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive …

Caveolins are a family of transmembrane proteins located in caveolae, small lipid raft
invaginations of the plasma membrane. The roles of caveolin-enriched lipid rafts are …

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with
repetitive head trauma, including concussion and subconcussion. CTE was first recognized …

Repetitive head trauma provides a favorable milieu for the onset of inflammatory and
neurodegenerative processes. The result of long-lasting head trauma is chronic traumatic …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has the highest incidence amongst the pediatric population and
its mild severity represents the most frequent cases. Moderate and severe injuries as well as …

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology.
Disrupted mitochondrial dynamics (ie, fusion/fission balance), which are essential for normal …

Although, by age 40, individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques
and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) linked to cognitive impairment in …

Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) neurons are particularly vulnerable to degeneration
following trauma and in neurodegenerative conditions. One reason for this is their …

Cholinergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis and
psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. The basal …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegeneration and cognitive
dysfunction in the elderly. Identifying molecular signals that mitigate and reverse …