Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal disease caused by elevated blood pressure for a
prolonged period. There are no obvious signs in the early stages of high blood pressure, but …

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are increasingly used in computer-aided diagnostic
tools in medicine. These techniques can also help to identify hypertension (HTN) in its early …

Hypertensive Retinopathy (HR) is a retinal manifestation caused due to persistently raised
blood pressure. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) plays an important role in the early …

It is difficult for clinicians or less-experienced ophthalmologists to detect early eye-related
diseases. By hand, eye disease diagnosis is labor-intensive, prone to mistakes, and …

Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are retinal diseases closely
associated with high blood pressure. The severity and duration of hypertension directly …

Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) can potentially lead to vision loss if left untreated. Early
screening and treatment are critical in reducing the risk of vision loss. The computer-aided …

A well-known eye disorder called diabetic retinopathy (DR) is linked to elevated blood
glucose levels. Cotton wool spots, confined veins in the cranial nerve, AV nicking, and …

The advent of smartphone fundus imaging technology has marked a significant evolution in
the field of ophthalmology, offering a novel approach to the diagnosis and management of …

Neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), have a substantial impact
on the overall well-being of those who are affected. This study investigates and contrasts the …