Background: Currently, increased interest in the perforator-pedicled propeller flap should not
obscure the fact that it is, in reality, a complex procedure requiring experience and …

The introduction of perforator flaps represented a significant advance in microsurgical
reconstruction. However, confusion has developed due to the erroneous belief that …

Introduction The middle and distal leg coverage is demanding procedure for reconstructive
surgeon until evolution of local perforator flaps which becomes as valuable options in lower …

Reconstruction of pretibial skin and soft-tissue defects remains a challenge because this
area has less underlying tissues and limited tissue mobility. Here, we present a retrospective …

Background: Perineal reconstruction is a challenging prospect. Conventional flap
reconstruction often involves the sacrifice of a source artery and muscle, resulting in …

Complex defects present structural and functional challenges to reconstructive surgeons.
When compared to multiple free flaps or staged reconstruction, the use of chimeric flaps to …

Reconstruction of the distal leg, ankle, and foot is challenging, and local perforator flaps
have emerged as valuable options. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the …

Background: Due to the wide spectrum of lower extremity defect presentation, various
reconstructive techniques are available. Classic adipofascial flaps are still a second choice …

Objective Periarticular defect coverage remains challenging because multi-vector tension
forces affect wound tensile strength. This study presents our experience with keystone …

The coverage of the posterior neck and lower occipital scalp defects should be approached
carefully. Thick, stiff, and inelastic skin properties of these areas tend to make coverage of …