Epoxy vitrimers appear as a promising alternative to common epoxy thermoset composites.
Nevertheless, the possibilities of applying these materials are limited due to their high …

Discrete flame spread, accompanied with melt-flowing and-dripping behaviors, significantly
increases fire hazards of thermoplastic materials in exterior insulation walls. The movement …

Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hybrid materials show great promise as sustainable alternatives
to oil-based plastics owing to their abundance and renewability. Nonetheless, despite the …

To comprehend thermal melting behaviors of the thermoplastic insulation material in façade
fires, a series of experiments have been conducted under various external heat fluxes. As …

Due to their environmentally friendly features, expandable graphite (EG) and carbon
nanotubes (CNT) were widely used as an additive in the field of flame-resistant polymers …

The development of aircraft electrification can improve energy utilization efficiency and
reduce the green gas emissions, which is the future trend. However, aircraft electrification …

Dripping plays a significant role in understanding the UL-94 vertical test. In this study, the
dripping of polymers impinged by small flames was simulated using the volume of fluid …

The melting and dripping of burning thermoplastics can cause a new ignition and form a
plastic pool fire, resulting in a significant fire risk. This work investigates the burning …

Large-scale experiments were performed to investigate the influence of the melting flow of
thermoplastic materials on discrete downward flame spread in façade fires. Expanded …

Spotting ignition involves dynamic interaction between fuel bed and hot particles, but the
scientific understanding of the ignition by a fast-moving hot particle is still limited. Herein, a …