As the home of cellular genetic information, the nucleus has a critical role in determining cell
fate and function in response to various signals and stimuli. In addition to biochemical …

Liquid–liquid phase separation and related phase transitions have emerged as generic
mechanisms in living cells for the formation of membraneless compartments or biomolecular …

The molecular machinery that enables life has evolved in water, yet many of the organisms
around us are able to survive even extreme desiccation. Especially remarkable are single …

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are especially enriched among proteins that regulate
chromatin and transcription. As a result, mechanisms that influence specificity of IDR-driven …

Biomolecular condensates organize biochemistry, yet little is known about how cells control
the position and scale of these structures. In cells, condensates often appear as relatively …

This work reviews nuclear compartments, defined broadly to include distinct nuclear
structures, bodies, and chromosome domains. It first summarizes original cytological …

A variety of membraneless organelles, often termed “biological condensates”, play an
important role in the regulation of cellular processes such as gene transcription, translation …

Fluorescent proteins (FP) are frequently used for studying proteins inside cells. In advanced
fluorescence microscopy, FPs can report on additional intracellular variables. One variable …

Life emerges from thousands of biochemical processes occurring within a shared
intracellular environment. We have gained deep insights from in vitro reconstitution of …

Chromatin, which consists of DNA and associated proteins, contains genetic information and
is a mechanical component of the nucleus. Heterochromatic histone methylation controls …