This chapter proposes two alternative models for assessing English as a Lingua Franca
(ELF). Tests based on the first model resemble existing approaches to assessing English as …

Syllabus Design demonstrates, in a practical way, the principles involved in planning and
designing an effective syllabus. It examines important concepts such as needs analysis …

Linguists, applied linguists and language teachers all appeal to the native speaker as an
important reference point. But what exactly (who exactly?) is the native speaker? This book …

In this book, the authors foreground an aspect of language testing that is usually not much
discussed and is frequently considered an “advanced” topic: the social dimension of …

Despite the continued growth of linguistic diversification and widespread utilization of
English by multilingual and multicultural speakers, EFL-oriented pedagogies and native …

Postmodern globalization requires that students strive for competence in a repertoire of
English varieties as they shuttle between multilingual communities. From this perspective …

Language Planning is a resurgent academic discipline, reflecting the importance of
language in issues of migration, globalisation, cultural diversity, nation-building, education …

Test purpose: The primary purpose of the Test of English for International Communication
(TOEIC®) is to measure the everyday English skills of individuals, who speak a first …

This article argues that recent changes in both users and uses of English have become so
far-reaching that a major rethink of English language teaching (ELT) goals is called for. It …

This paper reports the findings of an empirical study on ESL/EFL teachers' evaluation and
interpretation of oral English proficiency as elicited by the national College English Test …