With the widespread introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the incidence of
iatrogenic main bile duct lesions has significantly increased, with incidences ranging from …

Indocyanine Green is a fluorescent substance visible in near-infrared light. It is useful for the
identification of anatomical structures (biliary tract, ureters, parathyroid, thoracic duct), the …

Background In recent years, the use of Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence-guided
surgery during open and laparoscopic procedures has exponentially expanded across …

Background Bile duct injury and conversion-to-open–surgery rates remain unacceptably
high during laparoscopic and robotic cholecystectomy. In a recently published randomized …

Background Fluorescence-based enhanced reality (FLER) is a computer-based
quantification method of fluorescence angiographies to evaluate bowel perfusion. The aim …

Background Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the dreaded complications following
surgery in the digestive tract. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is a means to …

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is one of the most frequently performed gastrointestinal
surgeries worldwide. Bile duct injury (BDI) represents the most serious complication of LC …

Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence-guided surgery is a modality of intra-operative
navigation that might support the surgeon with enhanced visualization of anatomical …

Purpose Near infrared cholangiography (NIRC) with indocyanine green (ICG) directly
injected into the gallbladder is a novel technique to outline biliary anatomy. The purpose of …

Objective Near-infrared fluorescence cholangiography (NIRF-C) can help to identify the bile
duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This retrospective study was performed to …