Hippocampal sclerosis is the commonest cause of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults, and is
associated with alterations to structures and networks beyond the hippocampus. In addition …

Human performance, endurance, and resilience have biological limits that are genetically
and epigenetically predetermined but perhaps not yet optimized. There are few systematic …

Temporal lobe epilepsy is a common, chronic neurological disorder characterized by
recurrent spontaneous seizures. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that …

Epigenetic modifications, including changes in DNA methylation, lead to altered gene
expression and thus may underlie epileptogenesis via induction of permanent changes in …

When an otherwise harmful insult to the brain is preceded by a brief, noninjurious stimulus,
the brain becomes tolerant, and the resulting damage is reduced. Epileptic tolerance …

The ATP-gated ionotropic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) modulates glial activation, cytokine
production and neurotransmitter release following brain injury. Levels of the P2X7R are …

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of small non-coding RNA which regulates post-transcriptional
gene expression by repressing and thereby fine-tuning protein production, mainly via …

Epilepsy is a common, chronic neurological disorder. It is characterized by recurring
seizures which are the result of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Molecular pathways …

Prolonged seizures (status epilepticus) produce pathophysiological changes in the
hippocampus that are associated with large-scale, wide-ranging changes in gene …

Objective Role of apoptosis and neuroinflammation have been well established in the
pathogenesis of epilepsy. It has been reported that the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid …