The energy, water and environment nexus is a crucial factor when considering the future
development of desalination plants or industry in the water-stressed economies. New …

The formation of solid inorganic salts from solutions is of fundamental importance for
industrial, geological, and biological processes. Here, we review the literature on the …

Nowadays, there is increasing interest in advanced simulation methods for desalination. The
two most common desalination methods are multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) and reverse …

Desalination provides a sustainable source of fresh water for countries with limited water
resources. Progress in the desalination technology made highly competitive to water …

Multi-stage flash desalination (MSF) is currently the workhorse of the desalination industry
with a market share close to 60% of the total world production capacity. As the turning point …

The inevitable escalation in economic development have serious implications on energy
and environment nexus. The International Energy Outlook 2016 (IEO2016) predicted that the …

This paper presents an evaluation process efficiency based on the consumption of primary
energy for all types of practical desalination methods available hitherto. The conventional …

Hybridization of seawater reverse osmosis (S WRO), desalting technology and the multi-
stage flash (MSF) has been considered to improve the performance of the latter and reduce …

Multistage Flash (MSF) desalination process is still a dominant process, especially in the
Gulf region, to produce high quality freshwater. Although there has been energy price surge …

Process control is an essential part of the desalination industry that requires for operation at
the optimum operating conditions an increase in the lifetime of the plant and reduction of the …