Fourteen years have passed since nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was first shown to serve as a
molecular lynchpin that links persistent infections and chronic inflammation to increased …

Inflammatory responses play pivotal roles in cancer development, including tumor initiation,
promotion, progression, and metastasis. Cytokines are now recognized as important …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with significant functions in the
regulation of the immune system. As a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 plays a pivotal …

Solid tumors consist of neoplastic cells, non-malignant stromal cells, and migratory
hematopoietic cells. Complex interactions between the cell types in this microenvironment …

Gemcitabine resistance is a major obstacle to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, new strategies are needed to …

We undertook a comprehensive analysis of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells
(MDSCs) and T regulatory cells (Tregs) in pancreatic, esophageal and gastric cancer …

With 5-year survival rates remaining constant at 6% and rising incidences associated with
an epidemic in obesity and metabolic syndrome, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) …

Objective: In tumor patients, IL-6 appears to be one component of a consistent cancer-
associated cytokine network resulting in both a systemic immune stimulation and a …

RAS and MYC rank amongst the most commonly altered oncogenes in cancer, with RAS
being the most frequently mutated and MYC the most amplified. The cooperative interplay …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of various components including cancer cells,
tumor vessels, cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and inflammatory cells. These …