Meta-heuristic algorithms have a high position among academic researchers in various
fields, such as science and engineering, in solving optimization problems. These algorithms …

The digital content exchange on the Internet is associated with information security risks.
Hiding data in digital images is a promising direction in data protection and is an alternative …

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a widely grown and favored fruit in tropical
countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. This fruit is classified …

To avoid rounding errors associated with the limited representation of significant digits when
applying the floating-point Krawtchouk transform in image processing, we present an integer …

The slime mould algorithm (SMA) is a new swarm intelligence algorithm inspired by the
oscillatory behavior of slime moulds during foraging. Numerous researchers have widely …

Numerous reversible data hiding schemes have been proposed with the goal of ensuring
both security and availability of the original image. However, in the case of medical images …

Medical images are visual representations of the functions of some of a patient's organs or
tissues that are used for diagnosis or disease detection. These images can be obtained …

Reversible watermarking is a novel approach to digital copyright protection that allows the
embedding of watermarks into digital data using multiple layers while retaining the ability to …

With the increasing requirements for the security of medical data, military data, and other
data transmission, data hiding technology has gradually developed from only protecting the …

Watermarking is one of the most common data hiding techniques for multimedia elements.
Broadcasting, copy control, copyright protection and authentication are the most frequently …