Introduction: Robot-assisted therapy is an emerging approach that performs highly
repetitive, intensive, task oriented and quantifiable neuro-rehabilitation. In the last decades …

Objective: To examine the treatment effect of commercially available robotic-assisted
devices, compared to traditional occupational-and physiotherapy on arm and hand function …

Robot-assisted rehabilitation therapy has been proven to effectively improve upper-limb
motor function in stroke patients. However, most current rehabilitation robotic controllers will …

Hybrid Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke should
enable the reinforcement of “more normal” brain and muscular activity. Here, we propose the …

Background Robot-based rehabilitation for persons post-stroke may improve arm function
and daily-life activities as measured by clinical scales, but its effects on motor strategies …

Stroke is a significant disability and death cause worldwide and is conventionally defined as
a neurological impairment relating to the intense focal harm of the central nervous system …

Effects of the combined task-oriented trainings with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection on
improving motor functions and reducing spasticity remains unclear. This study aims to …

Abstract Purpose The Fugl–Meyer Assessment is the most used and highly recommended
clinical assessment of sensorimotor function after stroke. A standardized use of the scale in …

Background Determine the effects of an integrated rehabilitation protocol, including
botulinum toxin and conventional rehabilitation exercise plus end-effector (EE) robotic …

Background Chronic stroke patients usually experience reduced hand functions, impeding
their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) independently. Additionally …