Form and meaning co-determine the realization of tone in Taiwan Mandarin spontaneous speech: the case of Tone 3 sandhi

Y Lu, YY Chuang, RH Baayen - arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.15747, 2024 - arxiv.org
In Standard Chinese, Tone 3 (the dipping tone) becomes Tone 2 (rising tone) when followed
by another Tone 3. Previous studies have noted that this sandhi process may be incomplete …

A corpus-based investigation of pitch contours of monosyllabic words in conversational Taiwan Mandarin

X Jin, M Ernestus, RH Baayen - arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.07891, 2024 - arxiv.org
In Mandarin, the tonal contours of monosyllabic words produced in isolation or in careful
speech are characterized by four lexical tones: a high-level tone (T1), a rising tone (T2), a …