Forecasting eruptions is a fundamental goal of volcanology. However, difficulties in
identifying eruptive precursors, fragmented approaches and lack of resources make eruption …

Volcanic air pollution from both explosive and effusive activity can affect large populations
as far as thousands of kilometers away from the source, for days to decades or even …

Since 1990, natural hazards have led to over 1.6 million fatalities globally, and economic
losses are estimated at an average of around USD 260–310 billion per year. The scientific …

Abstract The La Palma 2021 volcanic eruption was the first subaerial eruption in a 50-year
period in the Canary Islands (Spain), emitting~ 1.8 Tg of sulphur dioxide (SO 2) into the …

Rapid population growth has had a significant impact on society, economy and environment,
which will challenge the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals …

As more than 75% of the global population is expected to live in urban areas by 2050, there
is an urgent need to assess the risk of natural hazards through a future-focused lens so that …

Volcanic ash provides unique pieces of information that can help to understand the progress
of volcanic activity at the early stages of unrest, and possible transitions towards different …

Tephra from large explosive eruptions can cause damage to buildings over wide
geographical areas, creating a variety of issues for post-eruption recovery. This means that …

Abstract We studied Semeru, East Java, Indonesia, to show the population exposure to
volcanic threats from its persistent, daily eruptive activity which endangers at least 50,000 of …

Regional volcanic threat assessments provide a large-scale comparable vision of the threat
posed by multiple volcanoes. They are useful for prioritising risk-mitigation actions and are …