Plants are subjected to a plethora of environmental cues that cause extreme losses to crop
productivity. Due to fluctuating environmental conditions, plants encounter difficulties in …

ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a bZIP-type transcription factor, acts as a master
regulator that regulates various physiological and biological processes in plants such as …

Highlights•The COP1/SPA complex suppresses light signaling in darkness.•Functions of the
protein domains in COP1 and SPA proteins.•The structure of the COP1 WD-repeat domain …

BBX21 (also known as SALT TOLERANCE HOMOLOG 2), a B-box (BBX)-containing protein,
has been previously identified as a positive regulator of light signaling; however, the precise …

Light is one of the most essential environmental factors affecting many aspects of growth
and developmental processes in plants. Plants undergo skotomorphogenic or …

CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in plants and
animals. Discovered originally in Arabidopsis thaliana, COP1 acts in a complex with SPA …

Plant height is a key agronomic trait that affects yield and is controlled by both
phytohormone gibberellin (GA) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation. However, whether and …

The transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5) plays a crucial role in
abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during seed germination. However, how ABI5 is regulated …

Developmental outcomes are shaped by the interplay between intrinsic and external factors.
The production of stomata—essential pores for gas exchange in plants—is extremely plastic …

COP1 (CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1), a ubiquitin E3 ligase, is a central
negative regulator of photomorphogenesis. However, how COP1 activity is regulated by post …