A spinal cord injury disrupts communication between the brain and the circuits in the spinal
cord that regulate neurological functions. The consequences are permanent paralysis, loss …

A spinal cord injury interrupts the communication between the brain and the region of the
spinal cord that produces walking, leading to paralysis,. Here, we restored this …

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) targeting the dorsal roots of lumbosacral segments
restores walking in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, EES is delivered with …

Cerebral strokes can disrupt descending commands from motor cortical areas to the spinal
cord, which can result in permanent motor deficits of the arm and hand. However, below the …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an invasive approach to precise modulation of
psychiatrically relevant circuits. Although it has impressive results in open-label psychiatric …

People with late-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) often suffer from debilitating locomotor
deficits that are resistant to currently available therapies. To alleviate these deficits, we …

Animals of the same species exhibit similar behaviours that are advantageously adapted to
their body and environment. These behaviours are shaped at the species level by selection …

Paralysis of the muscles controlling the hand dramatically limits the quality of life for
individuals living with spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, with a non-invasive neural interface, we …

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to permanent impairment of arm and hand functions.
Here we conducted a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, open-label, non-significant risk …

Electrical stimulation as a therapeutic approach is widely applicable in terms of target
tissues or target effects. This method can be an alternative to conventional therapies for …