Obesity is a chronic illness associated with several metabolic derangements and
comorbidities (ie, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, diabetes, etc.) and often leads to …

The dysregulation of the β-cell functional mass, which is a reduction in the number of β-cells
and their ability to secure adequate insulin secretion, represents a key mechanistic factor …

Abstract Background Radix Ginseng, one of the well-known medicinal herbs, has been used
in the management of diabetes and its complications for more than 1000 years. Purpose The …

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD) represent major health issues that
have reached alarming levels in the last decades. Although growing evidence demonstrates …

Background Diabetes always involves variable degrees of β-cell demise and malfunction
leading to insufficient insulin secretion. Besides clinical investigations, many research …

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been considered a relentlessly worsening disease, due to the
progressive deterioration of the pancreatic beta cell functional mass. Recent evidence …

Hyperglucagonemia is one of the 'ominous' eight factors underlying the pathogenesis of type
2 diabetes (T2D). Glucagon is a peptide hormone involved in maintaining glucose …

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of
chromosome 21, associated with intellectual disabilities. Down syndrome is associated with …

Incretins are gut hormones that potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) after
meals. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is the most investigated incretin hormone …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that has become a global public health
problem. Studies on T2DM prevention and treatment mostly focus on discovering …