This review paper considered the potential hydrogen (H 2) production methods using
conventional fossil fuels and in a cleaner manner with biomass and water resources and …

With the growing energy demand and the continuous decline of high-quality crude oil
resources, the efficient utilization of unconventional resources such as heavy oil has …

The conversion of low-grade heavy oil into value-added chemicals has garnered significant
attention. Plasma is a potentially cleaner, environmentally friendly, and faster method of …

A gliding arc discharge (GAD) plasma reactor was developed for partial oxidative reforming
(POR) H 2 production. Air was used as carrier gas and oxidant. The effects of the molar ratio …

Converting hydrocarbons can make the fossil fuel industry more flexible in responding to
market changes by producing various products to meet market demands. Efficient, clean …

Plasma is an excellent way of coupling renewable power resources and poor-quality heavy
oil resources into high value petrochemicals. In order to achieve discharge in liquid …

Agricultural and forestry wastes, which primarily consist of cellulose, hemicellulose, and
lignin, are currently being utilized as a significant energy resource. Banana waste is an …

A method has been developed to improve the hydrogen production efficiency (HPE) by in-
liquid plasma n-dodecane decomposition. A thin steam pipe is placed over the plasma …

The in-liquid plasma process has been utilized to produce fuel gases from various liquids
such as hydrocarbon and alcohol liquids, electrolytes, waste oil, biomass solutions …

1. Introduction Hydrogen has a high energy density (143 kJ/g) and does not emit any
greenhouse gases when burned. These features have enabled hydrogen to be potentially …