In this work, we analyze plankton–fish dynamics in the presence of toxicity, refuge, and
combine-harvesting efforts by a considering Holling type-II functional response. We have …

In this paper, we investigate the spatiotemporal inhomogeneous pattern phenomenon of a
predator–prey model with chemotaxis and time delay. The precise intervals of the Turing …

The dynamics of food consumption by higher trophic level is complicated as its availability,
choice, and consequently their development. The top predator interference has a strong …

The paper proposes an eco-epidemiological model for prey and generalist predator in
presence of predatory fear risk and infected prey. The transmission of disease in prey …

The paper discusses the nutrient–plankton system with effect of time delay in nutrient
recycling and toxin determined function response (TDFR). The designed model system …

This paper deals with the spatially homogeneous and inhomogeneous planktonic system
with toxin-producing and infectious phytoplankton species. For the spatially homogeneous …

In this paper, we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of a diffusive nutrient-
phytoplankton model with delayed nutrient recycling. We first study the stability of positive …

In this study, we explore the dynamics of a plankton-fish system in which external toxic
substances have adverse impacts on the plankton populations as well as the fish …

The phytoplankton and zooplankton are important components of aquatic ecosystems. The
nutrient plays an essential role in the growth of phytoplankton. In this paper, a mathematical …

Tiegang Reservoir is an important drinking water source in Shenzhen, and its water quality
status and water ecological health affect the phytoplankton succession pattern in the …