Introduction Cosmetic breast surgery is commonly performed in the United States; 520,000
procedures of the total 1.8 million cosmetic surgical procedures performed in 2018 were …

Background/importance Anesthesiologists frequently use truncal catheters for postoperative
pain control but with limited characterization of dosing and toxicity. Objective We reviewed …

Purpose To explore the benefits of ultrasound-guided intermittent thoracic paravertebral
block (TPVB) combined with intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in alleviating postoperative …

Background Breast cancer survival rates have increased significantly, underscoring the
importance of enhancing long-term health-related quality of life. Breast reconstruction …

The management of postoperative pain is of critical importance for women undergoing
breast reconstruction after surgical treatment for breast cancer. Mitigating postoperative pain …

Background: As plastic surgeons continue to evaluate the utility of nonopioid analgesic
alternatives, nerve block use in breast plastic surgery remains limited and unstandardized …

Introduction Paravertebral block (PVB) has emerged as a viable strategy for improving
postoperative outcomes in breast surgery; however, it is unclear whether these benefits …

Abstract Purpose of Review Breast surgery, performed for medical or cosmetic reasons,
remains one of the most frequently performed procedures, with over 500,000 cases …

Background Mastectomy and breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap
(LDF) is a major surgery that covers eight or more dermatomes causing severe pain in the …

Background After breast surgery with or without immediate reconstruction, chronic pain can
be a major problem for patients. However, few studies have examined the details of the sites …