It is widely assumed that one of the fundamental properties of spoken language is the
arbitrary relation between sound and meaning. Some exceptions in the form of nonarbitrary …

Over 30% of the 7,400 languages in the world will no longer be spoken by the end of the
century. So far, however, our understanding of whether language extinction may result in the …

Multilingual neural machine translation (NMT), which translates multiple languages using a
single model, is of great practical importance due to its advantages in simplifying the training …

Sound symbolism emerged as a prevalent component in the origin and development of
language. However, as previous studies have either been lacking in scope or in phonetic …

In creolist circles, there has been aa long-standing debate whether creoles differ structurally
from non-creole languages and thus would form a special class of languages with specific …

This paper describes a computerized alternative to glottochronology for estimating elapsed
time since parent languages diverged into daughter languages. The method, developed by …

Our study aims to explore how much information about areal patterns of colexification we
can gain from lexical databases such as CLICS and ASJP. We adopt a bottom-up (rather …

This paper reports on a collaborative quantitative study of loanwords in 41 languages,
aimed at identifying meanings and groups of meanings that are borrowing-resistant. We find …

In this quantitative meta-analysis, we used the activation likelihood estimation (ALE)
approach to address the effects of linguistic distance between first (L1) and second (L2) …

The Dravidian language family consists of about 80 varieties (Hammarström H. 2016
Glottolog 2.7) spoken by 220 million people across southern and central India and …