During Parkinson's disease (PD), both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral
nervous system (PNS) are affected. In parallel, innate immune cells respond early to …

Neuronal cells are highly functioning but also extremely stress-sensitive cells. By defending
the neuronal cells against pathogenic insults, microglial cells, a unique cell type, act as the …

Abstract LRRK2-G2019S is one of the most common Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated
mutations and has been shown to alter microglial functionality. However, the impact of …

Neuronal signalling is a key element in neuronal communication and is essential for the
proper functioning of the CNS. Astrocytes, the most prominent glia in the brain play a key …

Abstract Background Gemfibrozil (Gem) is a drug that has been shown to activate PPAR‐α,
a nuclear receptor that plays a key role in regulating lipid metabolism. Gem is used to lower …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after
Alzheimer's disease. Inflammation has been observed in both the idiopathic and familial …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common pathological conditions impacting the
central nervous system (CNS). A neurological deficit associated with TBI results from a …

The intracellular deposition and intercellular transmission of α-synuclein (α-syn) are shared
pathological characteristics among neurodegenerative disorders collectively known as α …

Microglia are immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS) closely linked to brain
health and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's …

The disease-specific accumulation of pathological proteins has long been the major focus of
research in neurodegenerative diseases (ND), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and …