Green Logistics has emerged as the new agenda item in supply chain management. The
traditional objective of distribution management has been upgraded to minimizing system …

Abstract Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a metaheuristic that is inspired by the pheromone
trail laying and following behavior of some ant species. Artificial ants in ACO are stochastic …

This paper studies the well-known capacitated vehicle routing problem with two-dimensional
loading constraints (2L-CVRP). It requires designing a set of min-cost routes, starting and …

Over the last years, several variants of multi-constrained Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs)
have been studied, forming a class of problems known as Rich Vehicle Routing Problems …

The attributes of vehicle routing problems are additional characteristics or constraints that
aim to better take into account the specificities of real applications. The variants thus formed …

Green logistics (GL) is gaining increasing attention among academic researchers and
industrial practitioners, due to the escalating deterioration of the environment. Various green …

Distributors are faced with loading constraints in their route planning, eg, multi-dimensional
packing constraints, unloading sequence constraints, stability constraints and axle weight …

We consider difficult combinatorial optimization problems arising in transportation logistics
when one is interested in optimizing both the routing of vehicles and the loading of goods …

This paper addresses an important combination of three-dimensional loading and vehicle
routing, known as the Three-Dimensional Loading Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem …

In order to improve the performance and change the current situation of the cost
minimization model widely used in the cold chain logistics distribution process, a multi …