Marine biofouling has negatively affected human sailing since ancient times. Traditional
antifouling coatings were banned worldwide in 2003 due to their toxicity towards nontarget …

In the course of evolution nature has arrived at startling materials solutions to ensure
survival. Investigations into biological surfaces, ranging from plants, insects and geckos to …

Membrane technologies have been widely applied in water treatment over the past few
decades. However, membrane fouling remains a hinderance for the widespread use of …

Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces have offered unique advantages in combating
microbial contaminations involving fungi, bacteria, and viruses, especially during the global …

Microbes have remarkable capabilities to attach to the surface of implanted medical devices
and form biofilms that adversely impact device function and increase the risk of multidrug …

In the present study, the overall economic impact of hull fouling on a mid-sized naval surface
ship (Arleigh Burke-class destroyer DDG-51) has been analyzed. A range of costs …

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating
marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional …

Abstract'Marine biofouling', the undesired growth of marine organisms such as
microorganisms, barnacles and seaweeds on submerged surfaces, is a global problem for …

The term fouling generally refers to an undesirable process in which a surface becomes
encrusted with material from the surrounding environment. In the case of biofouling, that …

The surprising properties of biomaterials are the results of billions of years of evolution.
Generally, biomaterials are assembled under mild conditions with very limited supply of …