Similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), functional near-infrared
spectroscopy (fNIRS) detects the changes of hemoglobin species inside the brain, but via …

Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stand as
state-of-the-art techniques for non-invasive functional neuroimaging. On a unimodal basis …

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells inside the skull. Malignant brain tumors are
among the most dreadful types of cancer with direct consequences such as cognitive …

Heart rate variability (HRV) is the rate of variability between each heartbeat with respect to
time. It is used to analyse the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), a control system used to …

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition characterizing poor cognition, is associated
with aging and depicts early symptoms of severe cognitive impairment, known as …

This review article provides a deep insight into the Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) and the
application of Machine Learning (ML) technology in BCIs. It investigates the various types of …

Within a decade, single trial analysis of functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)
signals has gained significant momentum, and fNIRS joined the set of modalities frequently …

Background: Survivors of stroke often experience significant disability and impaired quality
of life. The recovery of motor or cognitive function requires long periods. Neuroimaging …

This mini-review is aimed at briefly summarizing the present status of functional near-
infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and predicting where the technique should go in the next …

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a novel
approach for controlling external devices. BCI technologies can be important enabling …