Mounting evidence indicates that microglial activation contributes to neuronal damage in
neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies show that in response to certain environmental …

Background Memory and cognitive impairments/disorders are the main clinical symptoms of
neurodegenerative diseases. The prevalence of such chronic conditions has increased over …

Neurotrophic factors are proteins with considerable potential in the treatment of central
nervous system (CNS) diseases and traumatic injuries. However, a significant challenge to …

We describe the discovery of a novel, 20 kDa, secreted human protein named
mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor, or MANF. The homologous, native …

The prevailing view of the astrocytic response to injury is that reactive astrocytes impede the
regenerative process by forming scar tissue. As the levels of many cytokines dramatically …

The vulnerability of neurons and the irreversibility of loss make discoveries of
neuroprotective compounds fundamentally important. Here, the complete coding sequence …

Background Individuals affected with autism often suffer additional co-morbidities such as
intellectual disability. The genes contributing to autism cluster on a relatively limited number …

Glial cells are known to interact extensively with neuronal elements in the brain, influencing
their activity. Astrocytes associated with synapses integrate neuronal inputs and release …

A novel factor, termed Humanin (HN), antagonizes against neurotoxicity by various types of
familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) genes [V642I and K595N/M596L (NL) mutants of amyloid …

Dementia conditions and memory deficits of different origins (vascular, metabolic and
primary neurodegenerative such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases) are getting more …