The growing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings has highlighted the
need for reliable and accurate methods to detect fenestration deterioration and assess UV …

Image segmentation is an effective computer vision method that expands on the concept of
object. Recognition and brings in a whole new era of image data manipulation. This method …

Defect is a failure that harms the value, quality or function of a product. In glass
manufacturing industry, production defects directly contributes to low quality and a failure for …

The ever-expanding market for electronic devices has significantly heightened the demand
for high-quality printed circuit boards (PCBs). Even minor defects in PCBs can pose …

There are many disturbances that occur during image capturing process. One of the
common disturbances is noise. Consequently, various methods were developed to improve …

Defect is an imperfection that could impair the worth and utility of a finished good. The
defects show some disorder of the product and it is opposite the standard or criteria that …