Reference Evapotranspiration (ET o) is a complex, dynamic and non-linear hydrological
process. Accurate estimation of ET o has long been an eminent topic of interest in the …

A hybrid machine learning (ML) model is becoming a common trend in predicting reference
evapotranspiration (ETo) research. This study aims to systematically review ML models that …

Precise forecasting of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is one of the critical initial steps in
determining crop water requirements, which contributes to the reliable management and …

The increasing frequency of droughts and floods due to climate change has severely
affected water resources across the globe in recent years. An optimal design for the …

Fuzzy rule-based systems (FRBSs) is a rule-based system which uses linguistic fuzzy
variables as antecedents and consequent to represent human-understandable knowledge …

Accurate forecast of reference evapotranspiration (ET 0) is essential for effective water
resource management and efficient irrigation scheduling. The Penman-Monteith model (PM) …

Rice cultivation demands adequate soil water balance in each growth stage and estimation
of evapotranspiration and soil moisture are the most contributing factors for determining this …

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important driver in managing scarce water
resources and making decisions on real-time and future irrigation scheduling. Therefore …

Hydrological resource management, including crop watering and irrigation scheduling,
relies on reliable estimates of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, previous …

Abstract Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET 0), as a critical element in climatology,
hydrology and agricultural science, is essential for water hydrological cycle and irrigation …