Data from clinical and preclinical studies indicate that immune dysregulation, specifically of
inflammatory processes, is associated with symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) …

Half a century after the first formulation of the monoamine hypothesis, compelling evidence
implies that long-term changes in an array of brain areas and circuits mediating complex …

The past decade has seen an explosion of research on roles of neuron-astrocyte
interactions in the control of brain function. We highlight recent studies performed on the …

Hypofunction of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid-type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) induced by the
systemic administration of NMDAR antagonists is well known to cause schizophrenia-like …

Converging evidence demonstrates that physical activity evokes a brain state characterized
by distinctive changes in brain metabolism and cortical function. Human studies have shown …

Metabolomics, the omics science of biochemistry, is a global approach to understanding
regulation of metabolic pathways and metabolic networks of a biological system …

Background Evidence continues to build suggesting that the GABAergic neurotransmitter
system is altered in brains of patients with major depressive disorder. However, there is little …

Depression is associated with structural alterations in limbic brain regions that control
emotion and mood. Studies of chronic stress in animal models and postmortem tissue from …

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures of inhibition
and excitation in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD) …

Monoaminergic-based drugs remain the primary focus of pharmaceutical industry drug
discovery efforts for mood disorders, despite serious limitations regarding their ability to …