Since the seminal discovery of dendritic cells (DCs) by Steinman and Cohn in 1973, there
has been an ongoing debate to what extent macrophages and DCs are related and perform …

Obesity, characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation of the adipose tissue, is
associated with adverse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, yet the …

Macrophages are key cellular contributors to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the disease
caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 is present only on …

Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins are cell surface immune receptors known as
Siglecs that play a paramount role as modulators of immunity. In recent years, research has …

Excessive inflammation is the primary cause of mortality in patients with severe COVID-19,
yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Our study reveals that ACE2 …

Early and strong interferon type I (IFN-I) responses are usually associated with mild COVID-
19 disease, whereas persistent or unregulated proinflammatory cytokine responses are …

Introduction Myocarditis is a severe lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory disorder of the heart,
mostly caused by viruses and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Recently, myocarditis as …

Among various factors influencing the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans,
macrophage overactivation is considered the main cause of the cytokine storm that leads to …

Monocyte-derived macrophages, the major source of pathogenic macrophages in COVID-
19, are oppositely instructed by macrophage CSF (M-CSF) or granulocyte macrophage CSF …

Background Schisandra chinensis fruit is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),
whose extract has a potent inhibitory effect on the severe acute respiratory syndrome …