Star-forming regions show a rich and varied chemistry, including the presence of complex
organic molecules—in both the cold gas distributed on large scales and the hot regions …

Freeze-out of the gas-phase elements onto cold grains in dense interstellar and
circumstellar media builds up ice mantles consisting of molecules that are mostly formed in …

Context. Water is a key molecule in the physics and chemistry of star and planet formation,
but it is difficult to observe from Earth. The Herschel Space Observatory provided …

The interstellar medium is characterized by a rich and diverse chemistry. Many of its
complex organic molecules are proposed to form through radical chemistry in icy grain …

Context. The inner regions of the envelopes surrounding young protostars are characterized
by a complex chemistry, with prebiotic molecules present on the scales where …

Of the over 150 different molecular species detected in the interstellar and circumstellar
media, approximately 50 contain 6 or more atoms. These molecules, labeled complex by …

To date, about two dozen low-mass embedded protostars exhibit rich spectra with lines of
complex organic molecules (COMs). These protostars seem to possess a different …

Cometary nuclei contain the least modified material from the formative epoch of our
planetary system, and their compositions reflect a range of processes experienced by …

ABSTRACT A new chemical model is presented that simulates fully coupled gas-phase,
grain-surface, and bulk-ice chemistry in hot cores. Glycine (NH 2 CH 2 COOH), the simplest …

The cross-disciplinary field of astrochemistry exists to understand the formation, destruction,
and survival of molecules in astrophysical environments. Molecules in space are …