Abstract The Nicaraguan Midas cichlid species complex is a natural experiment where fish
from a large source population from turbid and shallow great lakes very recently (< 20,000 …

Background Color polymorphisms are a conspicuous feature of many species and a way to
address broad ecological and evolutionary questions. Three potential major evolutionary …

Polymorphic species have been the focus of important work in evolutionary biology. It has
been suggested that colour polymorphic species have specific evolutionary and population …

Although visual sexual signals, such as ornamental colors and courtship displays, and large
body size in males are attractive to females in numerous species, they may also …

Closely related animal lineages often vary in male coloration, and ecological selection is
hypothesized to shape this variation. The role of ecological selection in inhibiting male color …

The evolution and maintenance of colour polymorphisms remains a topic of considerable
research interest. One key mechanism thought to contribute to the coexistence of different …

Background Colour polymorphisms are common among animal species. When combined
with genetic and ecological data, these polymorphisms can be excellent systems in which to …

1. Colour polymorphisms are common across animals and are often the result of complex
selection regimes. Philaenus spumarius (L innaeus)(H emiptera, A phrophoridae) shows a …

Predation can play an important role in the evolution and maintenance of prey colour
polymorphisms. Several factors are known to affect predator choice, including the prey's …

Colour polymorphisms are a striking example of phenotypic diversity, yet the sources of
selection that allow different morphs to persist within populations remain poorly understood …