The cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not limited
to impaired insulin signalling but also involves the complex interplay of multiple metabolic …

Choline, an essential dietary nutrient for humans, is required for the synthesis of the
neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, the methyl group donor, betaine, and phospholipids; and …

Background Acetate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) produced by gut bacteria, which has
been implicated in cardio-metabolic health. Here we examine the relationships of circulating …

Our group recently discovered that certain dietary nutrients possessing a trimethylamine
(TMA) moiety, namely choline/phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine, participate in the …

Following its predecessor, the second edition of Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition
presents exhaustive coverage of amino acids in the nutrition, metabolism and health of …

Aims Recent metabolomics and animal model studies show trimethylamine-N-oxide
(TMAO), an intestinal microbiota-dependent metabolite formed from dietary trimethylamine …

Hyperhomocysteinemia is recognized as a risk factor for several diseases, including
cardiovascular and neurological conditions. Homocysteine (HCys) is a key metabolite …

The importance of gut microbiota in health and disease is being highlighted by numerous
research groups worldwide. Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of heart disease and stroke …

Choline was officially recognized as an essential nutrient by the Institute of Medicine (IOM)
in 1998. There is significant variation in the dietary requirement for choline that can be …

The glycerophospholipids phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)
account for greater than 50% of the total phospholipid species in eukaryotic membranes and …