The organic cation transporters (OCTs) OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, novel OCT (OCTN) 1, OCTN2,
multidrug and toxin exclusion (MATE) 1, and MATE kidney-specific 2 are polyspecific …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive disease that is typically
characterized by the permanent loss of functional nephrons. As injured nephrons become …

Nonclinical testing has served as a foundation for evaluating potential risks and
effectiveness of investigational new drugs in humans. However, the current two‐dimensional …

The human organic anion and cation transporters are classified within two SLC
superfamilies. Superfamily SLCO (formerly SLC21A) consists of organic anion transporting …

Cisplatin is one of the most widely used and most potent chemotherapy drugs. However,
side effects in normal tissues and organs, notably nephrotoxicity in the kidneys, limit the use …

Transporters influence the disposition of chemicals within the body by participating in
absorption, distribution, and elimination. Transporters of the solute carrier family (SLC) …

The SLC22 family contains 13 functionally characterized human plasma membrane proteins
each with 12 predicted α-helical transmembrane domains. The family comprises organic …

The body is equipped with broad-specificity transporters for the excretion and distribution of
endogeneous organic cations and for the uptake, elimination and distribution of cationic …

Stevioside, an abundant component of Stevia rebaudiana leaf, has become well-known for
its intense sweetness (250–300 times sweeter than sucrose) and is used as a non-caloric …

Despite many scientific advances, human exposure to, and intoxication by, toxic metal
species continues to occur. Surprisingly, little is understood about the mechanisms by which …