BACKGROUND Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are places in the ocean that receive
protection to safeguard biodiversity from abatable threats. Confusion exists about the …

Human wellbeing relies on the Biosphere, including natural resources provided by ocean
ecosystems. As multiple demands and stressors threaten the ocean, transformative change …

The rapidly evolving ocean economy, driven by human needs for food, energy,
transportation and recreation, has led to unprecedented pressures on the ocean that are …

Abstract Machine learning covers a large set of algorithms that can be trained to identify
patterns in data. Thanks to the increase in the amount of data and computing power …

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are conservation tools that are increasingly implemented,
with growing national commitments for MPA expansion. Perhaps the greatest challenge to …

How can ocean governance and science be made more equitable and effective? The
majority of the world's ocean-dependent people live in low to middle-income countries in the …

Humanity's relationship with the Ocean needs to be transformed to effectively address the
multitude of governance crises facing the Ocean, including overfishing, climate change …

Globally, marine protected area (MPA) objectives have increasingly shifted from a primary
focus on maintaining ecosystems through prohibiting extractive activities, to more equitable …

Home to over 80 percent of all life on Earth, the ocean is the world's largest carbon sink and
a key source of food and economic security for billions of people. The relevance of the …

Globally, conflicts between marine nature conservation and fishery interests are common
and increasing, and there is often a glaring lack of dialogue between stakeholders …