Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and photonic devices play a pivotal role to augmented reality
(AR) and virtual reality (VR). The recently emerging high-dynamic-range (HDR) mini-LED …

Planar and ultrathin liquid crystal (LC) polarization optical elements have found promising
applications in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and photonic devices. In this …

Planar optical elements that can manipulate the multidimensional physical parameters of
light efficiently and compactly are highly sought after in modern optics and nanophotonics. In …

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs), comprised of submicron-sized LC droplets
embedded in a continuous polymer matrix, have been the subject of interest for scientists …

In this Review, we survey recent developments in the emerging field of high-speed variable-
z-focus optical elements, which are driving important innovations in advanced imaging and …

Optical lenses with electrically controllable focal length are of growing interest, in order to
reduce the complexity, size, weight, response time and power consumption of conventional …

An adaptive-focus lens is a device that is capable of tuning its focal length by means of an
external stimulus. Numerous techniques for the demonstration of such devices have been …

Unlike electronics, optics do not follow Moore's law. This statement, expressed by Microsoft's
Bernard Kress, refers to the hard challenges to solve in augmented reality hardware. While …

In optical devices like diffraction gratings and Fresnel lenses, light wavefront is engineered
through the structuring of device surface morphology, within thicknesses comparable to the …

A transparent variable diffractive spiral axicon (DSA) based on a single LC cell is presented.
The manufactured DSA can be switched between 24 different configurations, 12 convergent …