Persistent cancer cells are the discrete and usually undetected cells that survive cancer drug
treatment and constitute a major cause of treatment failure. These cells are characterized by …

Glioblastoma is an aggressive and heterogeneous tumor in which glioblastoma stem cells
(GSCs) are at the apex of an entropic hierarchy and impart devastating therapy resistance …

Advancements in precision oncology over the past decades have led to new therapeutic
interventions, but the efficacy of such treatments is generally limited by an adaptive process …

Resistance to cancer therapy is a major barrier to cancer management. Conventional views
have proposed that acquisition of resistance may result from genetic mutations. However …

An incomplete view of the mechanisms that drive metastasis, the primary cause of cancer-
related death, has been a major barrier to development of effective therapeutics and …

There is increasing evidence that malignant tumors are initiated and maintained by a sub-
population of tumor cells that have similar biological properties to normal adult stem cells …

The clonal evolution model of cancer was developed in the 1950s–1970s and became
central to cancer biology in the twenty-first century, largely through studies of cancer …

Continuous BRAF inhibition of BRAF mutant melanomas triggers a series of cell state
changes that lead to therapy resistance and escape from immune control before …

As well as undergoing genetic evolution, cancer cells can alter their epigenetic state to
adapt and resist treatment. This non-genetic evolution is emerging as a major component of …

Therapy resistance and tumour relapse after drug therapy are commonly explained by
Darwinian selection of pre-existing drug-resistant, often stem-like cancer cells resulting from …