Identifying speech requires that listeners make rapid use of fine-grained acoustic cues—a
process that is facilitated by being able to see the talker's face. Face masks present a …

Listening to speech in noise is effortful for individuals with hearing loss, even if they have
received a hearing prosthesis such as a hearing aid or cochlear implant (CI). At present, little …

To invest effort into any cognitive task, people must be sufficiently motivated. Whereas prior
research has focused primarily on how the cognitive control required to complete these …

Background Gamification research and practice have gained popularity, but there is a lack of
experimental and field evidence regarding the effectiveness of specific design elements and …

Komboltz's happenstance learning theory (HLT) posits that uncertainty in the environment
has a deep impact on occupational choices. Accordingly, the choice of occupation is the …

When individuals set goals, they consider the subjective value (SV) of the anticipated reward
and the required effort, a trade-off that is of great interest to psychological research. One …

Contrary to the law of less work, individuals with high levels of need for cognition and self-
control tend to choose harder tasks more often. While both traits can be integrated into a …

We must often decide whether the effort required for a task is worth the reward. Past rodent
work suggests that willingness to deploy cognitive effort can be driven by individual …

Objective: Previous neuroscientific research explored how both moral values and economic
scenarios can influence individuals' brain activity. This study investigated the relationship …

This qualitative study explores the influence of learning emotions on the sustainment of
cognitive motivation in multilingual development. Specifically, it examines whether positive …