Paleogenomics, also known as genome-wide ancient DNA analysis, is transforming our
understanding of the human past, but has been much less intensively used to understand …

Woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), horse (Equus spp.) and bison (Bison spp.)
coexisted with a variety of mammalian megafauna across the Pleistocene mammoth steppe …

Although many large mammal species went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, their
DNA may persist due to past episodes of interspecies admixture. However, direct empirical …

The role of environmental change in the evolution of cultural traits is a topic of long-standing
scientific debate with strongly contrasting views. Major obstacles for assessing …

This comprehensive study examines fossil remains from Niedźwiedzia Cave in the Eastern
Sudetes, offering detailed insights into the palaeobiology and adversities encountered by …

It has long been speculated that biological evolution was influenced by ultraviolet radiation
(UVR) reaching the Earth's surface, despite imprecise knowledge of the timing of both UVR …

Abstract The Cave Bear, Ursus spelaeus (sensu lato), was one of many megafaunal species
that became extinct during the Late Pleistocene in Europe. With new data we revisit the …

The cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) is one of the Late Pleistocene megafauna species that
faced extinction at the end of the last ice age. Although it is represented by one of the largest …

Heavy reliance on plants is rare in Carnivora and mostly limited to relatively small species in
subtropical settings. The feeding behaviors of extinct cave bears living during Pleistocene …

Evidence of mobiliary art and body augmentation are associated with the cultural
innovations introduced by Homo sapiens at the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic. Here, we …