Graphene oxide (GO) was initially developed to emulate graphene, but it was soon
recognized as a functional material in its own right, addressing an application space that is …

More robust ceramic membranes with tailorable structures and functions are increasingly
employed for water treatment, particularly in some harsh applications for their ultra-long …

Mass transport at the sub-nanometre scale, including selective transport of gases, liquids
and ions, plays a key role in systems such as catalysis, energy generation and storage …

2D transition metal carbides or nitrides, known as MXenes, are a new family of 2D materials
with close to 30 members experimentally synthesized and dozens more theoretically …

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising membrane materials due to their high
porosity, ordered arrangements, and high stability. However, the relatively large pore size …

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a promising category of porous materials
possessing extensive chemical tunability, high porosity, ordered arrangements at a …

Gas separation with membrane technology is attractive because of its high efficiency, low
energy consumption, and simple operation. Molecular sieving membranes with sufficient …

Membrane gas separation is a mature and expanding technology. However, the availability
of better membrane materials would promote faster growth. In this Perspective we analyze …

The development of membranes that block solutes while allowing rapid water transport is of
great importance. The microstructure of the membrane needs to be rationally designed at …

Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have emerged as promising functional materials owing
to their atomic thickness and unique physical/chemical properties. By using 2D nanosheets …