In this review article, we will explore the recent advancements in the field of distributed
control of modular multilevel cascaded converters (MMCCs), highlighting the key challenges …

Grid-forming (GFM) inverters are controlled to directly regulate the voltage. A major
challenge stemming from this control model is that sustaining the voltage during faults would …

With the ongoing expansion and interconnection of electrical power systems, alongside the
rapid proliferation of renewable distributed generations (DGs), the short-circuit extent in the …

Single-stage grid-interfaced PV topologies have challenges with high grid fault currents,
despite being more efficient, simpler to implement, and less expensive than two-stage ones …

Fault current limiter (FCL) serves as a promising solution for severe fault issues in high-
voltage direct current (HVdc) systems. However, the small impedance changing ratio and …

The rapid increase of integrated distributed generators results in higher fault currents in the
future modern grids. A remedy for the concern is employing series reactors as fault current …

This article presents an accurate DC fault location method that applies parameter fitting. This
technique first discusses the traveling wave (TW) propagation process in the decoupled line …

Existing line protection methods for multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems are
constrained by the placement and values of boundary elements. To overcome this limitation …

Single-stage grid-interfaced PV topologies have challenges with high grid fault currents,
despite being more efficient, simpler to implement, and less expensive than two-stage ones …

In a bipolar DC distribution network, both the pole-to-ground fault (PGF) and the pole-to-pole
fault (PPF) would threaten its security and stability. This paper proposes a symmetrical …