Direct and indirect pathways of basal ganglia: a critical reappraisal
The basal ganglia are subcortical nuclei controlling voluntary actions and have been
implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The prevailing model of basal ganglia function …
implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The prevailing model of basal ganglia function …
Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia
JL Lanciego, N Luquin… - Cold Spring …, 2012 - perspectivesinmedicine.cshlp.org
The “basal ganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor
control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors …
control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors …
[HTML][HTML] The basal ganglia over 500 million years
S Grillner, B Robertson - Current Biology, 2016 - cell.com
The lamprey belongs to the phylogenetically oldest group of vertebrates that diverged from
the mammalian evolutionary line 560 million years ago. A comparison between the lamprey …
the mammalian evolutionary line 560 million years ago. A comparison between the lamprey …
Modulation of striatal projection systems by dopamine
CR Gerfen, DJ Surmeier - Annual review of neuroscience, 2011 - annualreviews.org
The basal ganglia are a chain of subcortical nuclei that facilitate action selection. Two striatal
projection systems—so-called direct and indirect pathways—form the functional backbone of …
projection systems—so-called direct and indirect pathways—form the functional backbone of …
Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
W Schultz - Journal of neurophysiology, 1998 - journals.physiology.org
Schultz, Wolfram. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1–27,
1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and drugs of abuse …
1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and drugs of abuse …
The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
JW Mink - Progress in neurobiology, 1996 - Elsevier
The basal ganglia comprise several nuclei in the forebrain, diencephalon, and midbrain
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …
Responses of monkey dopamine neurons to reward and conditioned stimuli during successive steps of learning a delayed response task
W Schultz, P Apicella, T Ljungberg - Journal of neuroscience, 1993 - Soc Neuroscience
The present investigation had two aims:(1) to study responses of dopamine neurons to
stimuli with attentional and motivational significance during several steps of learning a …
stimuli with attentional and motivational significance during several steps of learning a …
D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons
Dopamine shapes a wide variety of psychomotor functions. This is mainly accomplished by
modulating cortical and thalamic glutamatergic signals impinging upon principal medium …
modulating cortical and thalamic glutamatergic signals impinging upon principal medium …
Basal Ganglia disorders associated with imbalances in the striatal striosome and matrix compartments
JR Crittenden, AM Graybiel - Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2011 - frontiersin.org
The striatum is composed principally of GABAergic, medium spiny striatal projection neurons
(MSNs) that can be categorized based on their gene expression, electrophysiological …
(MSNs) that can be categorized based on their gene expression, electrophysiological …
Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the basal ganglia
AM Graybiel - Trends in neurosciences, 1990 - cell.com
The basal ganglia have become a focus for work on neurotransmitter interactions in the
brain. These structures contain a remarkable diversity of neuroactive substances, organized …
brain. These structures contain a remarkable diversity of neuroactive substances, organized …