Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based
products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits …

Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid, is a secondary metabolite naturally synthesized by a
number of bacteria, microalgae, and yeasts. The commercial production of this pigment has …

The normal biochemical reactions in our body, increased exposure to the environment, and
higher levels of dietary xenobiotic's result in the generation of reactive oxygen species …

Carotenoids constitute a ubiquitous group of isoprenoid pigments. They are very efficient
physical quenchers of singlet oxygen and scavengers of other reactive oxygen species …

Lutein is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence
shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health. In particular, lutein …

A wide variety of the roots and tubers plays a major role in human diet, animal feed, and
industrial raw materials. Sweet potatoes (SPs) play an immense role in human diet and …

Background Fruits and vegetables are rich source of phytonutrients. These phytonutrients
are present in high concentrations in raw form, and decrease to some extent after …

Fruits and vegetables are colorful pigment-containing food sources. Owing to their nutritional
benefits and phytochemicals, they are considered as 'functional food ingredients' …

Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the risk of chronic diseases. Dietary guidelines
recommend increased consumption of fruits and vegetables to combat the incidence of …

Pigments are present in all living matter and provide attractive colors and play basic roles in
the development of organisms. Human beings, like most animals, come in contact with their …