During pregnancy and lactation, female physiology adapts to meet the added nutritional
demands of fetuses and neonates. An average full-term fetus contains∼ 30 g calcium, 20 g …

Calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients for the human body. Establishing the levels of
these nutrients that are needed by the North American population is based on the …

Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most
authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of …

Maternal-Fetal Calcium and Bone Metabolism During Pregnancy, Puerperium, and
Lactation* | Endocrine Reviews | Oxford Academic Skip to Main Content Advertisement …

Background: After weight loss, total energy expenditure—in particular, energy expenditure at
low levels of physical activity—is lower than predicted by actual changes in body weight and …

Background: Dietary iron absorption from a meal is determined by iron status, heme-and
nonheme-iron contents, and amounts of various dietary factors that influence iron …

BONE differs from reproductive tissues in that many aspects of skeletal growth, turnover, and
function occur in the absence of gonadal hormones. Nevertheless, sex steroids have an …

To clarify the role of the intestine, kidney, and bone in maintaining calcium homeostasis
during pregnancy and lactation and after the resumption of menses, a longitudinal …

During pregnancy and lactation, mothers require significant amounts of calcium to pass on
to the developing fetus and suckling neonate, respectively. Given the dependence of adult …

Ten women were followed serially to determine the effect of stages of reproduction on
calcium and bone metabolism. The study periods were nonpregnant nonlactating, the end of …