Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process and participates in a variety of cellular
biological activities. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B …

Autophagy is considered a cytoprotective function in cancer therapy under certain conditions
and is a drug resistance mechanism that represents a clinical obstacle to successful cancer …

Ovarian cancer is mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the absence of effective
screening methods and specific symptoms. Repeated chemotherapy resistance and …

The incidence and mortality of cancer are increasing, making it a leading cause of death
worldwide. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy face …

Although cisplatin is one of the most common antineoplastic drug, its successful utilisation in
cancer treatment is limited by the drug resistance. Multiple attempts have been made to find …

Abstract Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) is a predominant phytoestrogen extracted from Panax
notoginseng that has recently been reported to play important roles in the treatment of …

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite significant advances
in cancer research and improvements in anticancer therapies. One of the major obstacles to …

The resistance of cancer cells into chemotherapy has restricted the efficiency of anti-tumor
drugs. Oxaliplatin (OX) being an anti-tumor agent/drug is extensively used in the treatment of …

Gemcitabine (GEM) is a typical chemotherapeutic drug used to treat pancreatic cancer, but
GEM resistance develops within weeks after chemotherapy. Hence, the development of a …

Bladder carcinoma is among the top 10 most frequently diagnosed cancer types in the
world. As a phytochemical active metabolic, thymoquinone (TQ) is extracted from seeds of …