Abstract The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) is a convection-allowing
implementation of the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and …

Lake‐/sea‐effect snow forms typically from late fall to winter when a cold air mass moves
over the warmer, large water surface. The resulting intense snowfall has many societal …

Large lakes have an impact on regional weather. In addition, they can be both sensitive to
and influence regional climate changes. In the climate models that are used to investigate …

Abstract The Laurentian Great Lakes are the world's largest freshwater system and regulate
the climate of the Great Lakes region, which has been increasingly experiencing climatic …

Lake‐effect snow (LES) storms, characterized by heavy convective precipitation downwind
of large lakes, pose significant coastal hazards with severe socioeconomic consequences in …

Application of lake models coupled within earth-system prediction models, especially for
predictions from days to weeks, requires accurate initialization of lake temperatures …

The drag coefficient, Stanton number and Dalton number are of particular importance for
estimating the surface turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat and water vapor using bulk …

Water temperature dynamics in large inland lakes are interrelated with internal lake physics,
ecosystem function, and adjacent land surface meteorology and climatology. Models for …

The rise in oil trade and transportation has led to a continuous increase in the risk of oil
spills, posing a serious worldwide concern. However, there is a lack of numerical models for …

While changing lake surface conditions have received significant research scrutiny, changes
in subsurface conditions, including stratification and heat content, remain largely …